韓劇mono和probe是什么意思,probe和mono真的存在嗎
翻譯 | 馮維維
Science,05 July 2019,Vol 365,Issue 6448
《科學》2019年7月5日,第365卷第6448期
生態學Ecology
The great Atlantic Sargassum belt
大西洋馬尾藻帶
鏈接:
3656448/83
摘要:
深海馬尾藻在馬尾藻海中大量存在,但自2011年以來,衛星圖像中發現了經常從西非延伸到墨西哥灣的一個周期性的大西洋馬尾藻帶(GASB)。
2018年6月,8850公里長的GASB包含了2000萬噸的海藻。GASB的空間分布主要受海洋環流的驅動。
Abstract
Pelagic Sargassum is abundant in the Sargasso Sea,but a recurrent great Atlantic Sargassum belt (GASB) has been observed in satellite imagery since 2011,often extending from West Africa to the Gulf of Mexico. In June 2018,the 8850-kilometer GASB contained >20 million metric tons of Sargassum biomass. The spatial distribution of the GASB is mostly driven by ocean circulation. The bloom of 2011 might be a result of Amazon River discharge in previous years,but recent increases and interannual variability after 2011 appear to be driven by upwelling off West Africa during boreal winter and by Amazon River discharge during spring and summer,indicating a possible regime shift and raising the possibility that recurrent blooms in the tropical Atlantic and Caribbean Sea may become the new norm.
The global tree restoration potential
全球樹木恢復的潛力
鏈接:
3656448/76
摘要:
樹木的恢復仍然是緩解氣候變化最有效的策略之一。
這表明全球樹木恢復是迄今為止最有效的氣候變化解決方案。但與此相反,氣候變化將改變潛在的樹木覆蓋范圍。
Abstract
物理學Physics
Matrix Fourier optics enables a compact full-Stokes polarization camera
傅里葉光學矩陣讓緊湊的全斯托克斯偏振相機成為可能
鏈接:
3656448/eaax1839
摘要:
從一個物體散射的光的偏振成像,為從一個場景中獲取信息提供了額外的自由度。傳統的偏振計體積龐大,通常由機械活動部件組成(通過偏振儀和分析儀裝置的旋轉顯示偏振程度)。
Rubin等人設計了一種基于元表面的全斯托克斯緊湊偏振相機,該相機不需要傳統偏振光學,也不需要活動部件。研究結果為偏振成像提供了一種簡便的方法。
Abstract
Imaging the polarization of light scattered from an object provides an additional degree of freedom for gaining information from a scene. Conventional polarimeters can be bulky and usually consist of mechanically moving parts (with a polarizer and analyzer setup rotating to reveal the degree of polarization). Rubin et al. designed a metasurface-based full-Stokes compact polarization camera without conventional polarization optics and without moving parts. The results provide a simplified route for polarization imaging.
Direct mapping of curve-crossing dynamics in IBr by attosecond transient absorption spectroscopy
利用阿秒瞬態吸收光譜法直接繪制IBr曲線交叉動力學
鏈接:
365644879
摘要:
當光脈沖在時間上變短時,它們的頻率相應地變寬。Kobayashi等人利用阿秒脈沖的這兩種特性,通過同時檢測超快溴和碘光譜位移,闡明了單溴化碘(IBr)的光解作用。初步的光線削弱了I-Br鍵。
然后,當原子飛離時,它們達到一種結構,其中鍵振動可將基態和激發態耦合起來。寬帶探針脈沖顯示了每個原子的電子結構在這個節點上的快速變化。
Abstract
As light pulses get shorter in time,they correspondingly get broader in frequency. Kobayashi et al. take advantage of both properties of attosecond pulses to elucidate iodine monobromide (IBr) photo dissociation by detecting ultra fast bromine and iodine spectral shifts simultaneously. A preliminary burst of light weakens the I–Br bond. Then,as the atoms fly apart,they reach a configuration where the bond vibration can couple ground and excited electronic states. The broad band probe pulse reveals rapid changes ineach atom's electronic structure at this juncture.
生命科學Life science
A glycine-specific N-degron pathway mediates the quality control of protein N-myristoylation
甘氨酸特異性N端降解因子通路介導蛋白N-肉豆蔻酰基化的質量控制
Mono和Probe是一對矛盾體,Probe能夠喚醒Mono的色彩神經,但是只是短暫性的,當Probe離開Mono的時候,Mono的世界就會又恢復黯淡無光,因此,很多Mono都會做出對Probe的異常行為,比如說綁架、囚禁等傷害的行為,而且這種占有欲會。
鏈接:
3656448/eaaw4912
摘要:
30多年來,人們已經知道N端序列會影響蛋白質的穩定性,但這些N端規則,或N端降解因子通路的其他特征仍未被發現。
Timms等人利用全球蛋白質穩定性(GPS)技術對人類細胞中的這些通路進行了更廣泛的研究。
出乎意料的是,暴露N端的甘氨酸可以作為一個強大的降解因子;通過底物適配器ZYG11B和ZER1,用兩個Cullin-RING E3泛素連接酶對含N端甘氨酸的蛋白進行蛋白酶體降解。
例如,這一途徑可能對降解不能正確定位于細胞膜的蛋白質和破壞細胞死亡過程中產生的蛋白質片段很重要。
Abstract
For more than 30 years,N-terminal sequences have been known to influence protein stability,but additional features of these N-end rule,or N-degron,pathways continue to be uncovered. Timms et al. used a global protein stability (GPS) technology to take a broader look at these pathways in human cells. Unexpectedly,glycine exposed at the N terminus could act as a potent degron; proteins bearing N-terminal glycine were targeted for proteasomal degradation by two Cullin-RING E3 ubiquitin ligases through the substrate adaptors ZYG11B and ZER1. This pathway may be important,for example,to degrade proteins that fail to localize properly to cellular membranes and to destroy protein fragments generated during cell death.
Structured spike series specify gene expression patterns for olfactory circuit formation
結構化穗序列指定了嗅覺回路形成的基因表達模式
鏈接:
3656448/eaaw5030
mono是神經全色盲患者,世界在它眼里無顏色分別,就像看黑白電視一般。不過Mono不是完全看不到顏色,只要遇到屬于自己的Probe,見到他的臉,就能恢復正常。但問題是。mono必須持續跟probe保持關系才能看到顏色,不然就會恢復到。
摘要:
嗅覺神經元對各種氣味的反應取決于嗅覺受體的表達。在發育過程中,表達相同嗅覺受體的嗅神經元的軸突會聚在一起形成相同的腎小球。
Nakashima等人證明,在小鼠中,神經元根據共享的活動模式建立這些連接。當嗅覺感受器被觸發時,它不僅使細胞被激發,而且以特定的方式被激發。說同樣代碼的神經元最終連接在同一個腎小球上。
Abstract
基因組學Genomics
古DNA揭示第一批牧民向撒哈拉以南非洲的多步傳播
鏈接:
mono意思是:單聲道的;單色的。probe意思是:探針;調查。1、mono 英 ['m?n??]釋義:adj 單聲道的;單色的 n 單聲道錄音(或放音)系統;單色照片;單色復制;傳染性單核細胞增多癥(等于 monon。
3656448/eaaw6275
摘要:
家畜在全球的起源和傳播也影響了人類種群的基本遺傳組成。然而,在非洲,很難確定遷移的糧食生產者和當地狩獵采集者之間相互作用的影響。
Prendergast等人想要了解畜牧業和畜牧業的時間和運動,以及它對非洲覓食群體的影響。他們對生活在大約100年到4000年前的41個古東非人的基因組進行了測序。
令人驚訝的是,在畜牧業傳播的同時發生的基因混合相對較少。
Abstract
The origin and spread of domestic animalsacross the globe also affected the underlying genetic composition of human populations. In Africa,however,it has been difficult to identify the impact of interactions among migrating food producers and local hunter-gatherers. Prendergast et al. wanted to discern the timing and movement of husbandry and pastoralism and its effects on for aging communities in Africa. They sequenced 41 ancient eastern African human genomes from individuals that lived approximately 100 to 4000 years ago. Surprisingly,relatively little genetic mixture occurred at the same time as the spread of pastoralism.
RNA-guided DNA insertion with CRISPR-associated transposases
RNA引導的CRISPR相關轉座酶的DNA插入
鏈接:
3656448/48
Probe是指探機,探機是暴雪娛樂公司出品的即時戰略游戲《星際爭霸》中的星靈基礎建設單位,可由星靈樞紐折躍至戰場。
摘要:
CRISPR-Cas核酸酶是操縱核酸的有力工具;然而,定向插入DNA仍然是一個挑戰,因為它需要宿主細胞修復機制。
ShCAST通過單向插入原pacer下游的DNA 60至66個堿基對片段,催化RNA引導的DNA轉位。ShCAST將DNA整合到大腸桿菌基因組的目標位點中,頻率高達80%,沒有陽性選擇。
這項工作擴展了人們對CRISPR-Cas系統功能多樣性的理解,并為精確的DNA插入建立了一個范例。
Abstract
CRISPR-Cas nucleases are powerful tools for manipulating nucleic acids; however,targeted insertion of DNA remains a challenge,as it requires host cell repair machinery. Here we characterize a CRISPR-associated transposase from cyanobacteria Scytonema hofmanni (ShCAST) that consists of Tn7-like transposase subunits and the type V-K CRISPR effector (Cas12k). ShCAST catalyzes RNA-guided DNA transposition by unidirectionally inserting segments of DNA 60 to 66 base pairs down stream of the protospacer. ShCAST integrates DNA into targeted sites in the Escherichia coli genome with frequencies of up to 80% without positive selection. This work expands our understanding of the functional diversity of CRISPR-Cas systems and establishes a paradigm for precision DNA insertion.
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